{"id":556,"date":"2021-07-19T19:09:34","date_gmt":"2021-07-19T19:09:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/edgeworksentertainment.com\/blog\/?p=556"},"modified":"2021-07-19T19:09:36","modified_gmt":"2021-07-19T19:09:36","slug":"settle-the-stars-episode-13-saturn-put-a-ring-on-it","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edgeworksentertainment.com\/blog\/2021\/07\/19\/settle-the-stars-episode-13-saturn-put-a-ring-on-it\/","title":{"rendered":"Settle The Stars &#8211; Episode 13 &#8211; Saturn: Put a Ring On It"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Hello and welcome to \u201cSettle the Stars\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Episode 13, \u201cSaturn: Put a Ring On It\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Saturn: Put A Ring On It | Settle The Stars (Episode 13)\" width=\"525\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tsO-8vegs_U?list=PL9Me3d7Pbf0N72MEUKjR7bIxRaAz9Py5z\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Hey folks, this is Alexander Winn.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This week we continue our journey across the solar system and visit what will definitely be one of the top tourist destinations in the distant future: Saturn.&nbsp; This gas giant may not hold as many records as its giant neighbor Jupiter, but the dazzling ring system that the planet is known for make it a fan favorite. And today, we get to visit!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Even before telescopes could reveal the beauty of its rings, ancient observers held the yellowish light in the sky in high esteem.&nbsp; Ancient Babylonians recorded its movements meticulously, and in ancient Greece the planet was known by the name Phainon, later to be called the \u201cstar of Saturn\u201d by the Romans.&nbsp; Saturn was the Roman god of agriculture and wealth, appropriate given the planet\u2019s tendency to grow and fade in brightness over the years \u2013 much like fortune can.&nbsp; This cycle of gradual brightening and darkening is caused by Saturn\u2019s rings.&nbsp; As the planet appears to rotate in relation to Earth, the axial tilt of the planet causes the rings to be seen more from above, below or from the side, at which point they\u2019re almost invisible. That reflects different amounts of light, altering the planet\u2019s appearance in the sky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The astrological symbol used for Saturn is a stylized sickle representing the god\u2019s agricultural association, and everyone\u2019s favorite day of the week \u2013 Saturday \u2013 still bears the Roman name for the planet assigned around the 2<sup>nd<\/sup> century AD.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To the Hindu astrologers, the planet was known as \u201cShani,\u201d the judge of everyone based on their behavior and deeds in life.&nbsp; Ancient Hebrews called Saturn \u201cShabbathai,\u201d attributed to the angel Cassiel and governed by the beneficial spirit Agyal and darker spirit Zazl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Detailed observation of the planet couldn\u2019t take place without the aid of a telescope and while Galileo\u2019s were powerful enough to see Jupiter\u2019s moons, he mistakenly believed that Saturn\u2019s rings were actually moons alongside the planet.&nbsp; It was Dutch polymath Christiaan Huygens and his improved telescope who first recognized and recorded the rings in 1659.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Over the next several centuries the moons began to be uncovered which we\u2019ll get into more detail during the next episode, and the first low-resolution images were obtained at a distance of only 20,000 kilometers by <em>Pioneer 11<\/em> as it flew by.&nbsp; <em>Pioneer<\/em> also studied the rings more closely, identifying an additional thin ring as well as making note that many of the \u201cgaps\u201d noticed earlier were not quite empty after all.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 1980 <em>Voyager 1<\/em> completed a flyby as it passed through, accomplishing the first high-resolution photography of the planetary features as well as images of many of the moons.&nbsp; Scientists in charge of the mission decided to sacrifice part of <em>Voyager 1<\/em>\u2019s mission in order to alter course for a closer look at the moon Titan.&nbsp; They learned that Titan\u2019s thick atmosphere is impenetrable to visible wavelengths of light and were unfortunately unable to obtain images of the landscape through the quick clouds, and as a result of the mission modification <em>Voyager 1<\/em> was unable to visit Uranus, Neptune or Pluto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The following year in 1981 <em>Voyager 2<\/em> passed by Saturn to obtain more high-resolution images of the rings to track any changes since <em>Voyager 1<\/em>\u2019s visit, and it also scanned the atmosphere of the planet with radar to measure temperature and density.&nbsp; <em>Voyager 2<\/em>\u2019s innovative spinning module was unfortunately stuck for part of the flyby and was unable to take more planned photos, and as it passed by the spacecraft was able to use Saturn\u2019s gravity to swing onward to Uranus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Altogether the two spacecraft were able to identify several new satellites interacting with the ring system and observed previously unknown gaps within the rings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2004, NASA spacecraft <em>Cassini-Huygens<\/em> entered orbit around Saturn for an extended mission to study the moons and rings of Saturn.&nbsp; This was an ambitious plan to extensively study the moons and atmosphere of Saturn, and featured a detachable probe named for Huygens that would fall into the atmosphere of Titan to collect valuable data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Photographs from the orbital <em>Cassini<\/em> module captured a previously undiscovered ring, and fascinating images of the atmosphere in unprecedented detail.&nbsp; As a final maneuver, <em>Cassini<\/em> accomplished a series of impressive passes through the gaps between Saturn and its ring system before completing the mission by entering the atmosphere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The accumulation of telescopic images over the centuries as well as more recent sensory readings and photographs from these spacecraft have provided us a wealth of information about the planet.&nbsp; Many of its most interesting features were complete surprises to learn, and there are still many mysteries left to solve.&nbsp; Let\u2019s dive in.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The second largest planet behind Jupiter, Saturn orbits the sun about nine times the distance that Earth does.&nbsp; Even clipping through the solar system at 9.7 km\/s, it takes Saturn about 29 \u00bd years to complete one full trip around the Sun.&nbsp; As with most Gas Giants, it\u2019s difficult to assign a length of day for Saturn, as the swirling atmosphere travels at different rotational speeds depending on where you look.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Saturn\u2019s atmosphere primarily consists of hydrogen and helium, the same main components as the Sun and Jupiter, suggesting it formed along with the others in the early solar system from the same nebular dust before settling into its current orbit. Interestingly, Saturn\u2019s density is less than that of normal water: if you had a big enough bathtub, Saturn would literally float in it!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Despite being around the same size as Jupiter, Saturn is much less dense with only about a third the mass of its larger neighbor.&nbsp; Together Jupiter and Saturn account for over 90% of the total planetary mass in the solar system, and as a result have likely done much over the 4 or 5 billion years they\u2019ve been around to stabilize and maintain the orbits of the other planets where they are.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A particular orbital oddity about Saturn is that it does not appear to have any trojan asteroids at all.&nbsp; As we learned last week, Jupiter \u2013 admittedly much more massive \u2013 shepherds an estimated two <em>million<\/em> small asteroids along its orbit path ahead and behind it as it travels around the Sun.&nbsp; Mars, Neptune and even Earth have been found with small trojan asteroids, but somehow Saturn has none to be found.&nbsp; Fortunately for travelers on approach like us, fewer asteroids to dodge is pretty much always a positive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Approaching from inside Saturn\u2019s orbit, we\u2019ll enjoy a full-lit front view of the gas giant as we get closer.&nbsp; The rich yellow-beige of the atmosphere shines brightly, and from here the icy rings twinkle brilliantly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The ring system is impressive, and hugs the planet closely, well within the orbits of most of the larger moons.&nbsp; Striking banding patterns make it look as though there are dozens of individual rings nestled tightly together \u2013 which there are \u2013 but for classification purposes the bands have been grouped into fourteen rings.&nbsp; On today\u2019s trip we\u2019ll focus only on the inner rings named alphabetically A through F \u2013 that is, the rings that are commonly shown as visible bands around the planet.&nbsp; There are some larger rings farther out, but we\u2019ll explore those in more depth in next week\u2019s episode.&nbsp; We\u2019ll imagine a close approach above these rings for a great view as we get closer.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Passing below us first we\u2019ll see the faint F ring, outermost of the discrete rings and discovered first in 1979 by the <em>Pioneer 11<\/em> mission.&nbsp; While relatively thin at only a few hundred kilometers wide compared to the other inner rings, the one has a very interesting visual feature \u2013 there\u2019s actually a wispy spiral strand coiled around the main ring.&nbsp; This ring was likely formed when the moons Prometheus and Pandora collided sometime in the past.&nbsp; Now the two moons march just alongside the ring, Prometheus inside and Pandora outside.&nbsp; As Prometheus passes by, you might notice a \u201cripple\u201d effect trailing it within the ring.&nbsp; These ripples are waves caused by the gravity of the moon when it gets near, pulling the smaller coil of material closer and closer to it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Leaving the F ring behind, we\u2019ll move across what might seem like a 2,600 kilometer band of empty space at first but there is actually a sheet of dust spanning the gap.&nbsp; This region is called the \u201cRoche Division\u201d after French physicist \u00c9douard Roche and it separates the F and A rings.&nbsp; This shouldn\u2019t be confused with the \u201cRoche Limit\u201d which is a term for the distance at which a large object becomes too close to a planet and will be torn apart by tidal gravitation forces.&nbsp; It just so happens that the Roche Division is coincidentally near to the Roche limit of Saturn, which is why these inner rings have not coalesced into a new moon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The A ring will appear next for us, a comparably massive 14,600 kilometer wide ring.&nbsp; The boundaries of the ring are very sharp, and the ring is about 10 to 30 meters thick.&nbsp; Before we get far we\u2019ll encounter the Keeler Gap, discovered by Voyager.&nbsp; The gap is only 42-kilometers wide and carved out by the small moon Daphnis.&nbsp; As we pass above the moon we\u2019ll see great waves rising from the ring to a height of about 1.5 kilometers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We\u2019ll witness more of the A ring pass before we reach the next landmark (or\u2026 ring-mark?), the Enke Gap.&nbsp; Much larger than the Keeler, the Enke gap spans 325 kilometers and forms a path for the moon Pan.&nbsp; We can see three small intertwined ringlets within the gap from here, and spiral density waves within the ring on either side of the gap due to Pan\u2019s gravitation and that of some small moons outside of the rings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As the remaining A ring passes below us, you might notice small propeller-shaped wave patterns in the ring.&nbsp; These are caused by small moonlets passing near the ring, and it\u2019s estimated that there could be thousands of them in the A ring.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The boundary between the A and B rings are a darker portion called the Cassini Division after their discoverer Giovanni Cassini in 1675.&nbsp; He can be forgiven for believing the space is empty, but <em>Voyager<\/em> revealed that the 4,800-kilometer-wide band is actually filled with many small ringlets of darker material similar to that found in the C ring.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The largest and brightest ring, B ring, now shines ahead of us, only 5 to 15 meters thick but more densely packed with particles from the size of dust up to the size of a house.&nbsp; The optical depth is greater than 5 in some parts of the ring, meaning up to 90% of the light shone from the Sun is blocked.&nbsp; The outer edge of the ring contains strange structures, they look like great plumes or ridges jutting out perpendicular to the ring, sometimes as high as 2.5 kilometers from the ring itself.&nbsp; These structures are mysterious, but likely caused by unseen moonlets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Continuing inward, we reach the interface between B and C rings, called the Colombo Gap.&nbsp; The gap contains a small ring called the Titan ringlet named for the moon, which is actually located far out beyond the rings.&nbsp; It\u2019s named for Titan due to an orbital resonance with the planet, which has slightly elongated the ring into an elliptical shape, rather than circular.&nbsp; The shape of the ring moves with the moon, so that the longer part of the ringlet always points toward the moon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The C ring is composed of darker material, which is also sparser than the material in the B ring, resulting in a transparent, dimmer ring than the brilliant one we just passed.&nbsp; It\u2019s also much thinner than the B ring at only 17,500 kilometers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Marking the boundary of the C ring is another gap, called the Maxwell Gap which also contains a single ringlet by the same name.&nbsp; There is a wave-like structure in this ringlet hinting at the influence of a moon, but as of today no small moon has yet been discovered to explain the waves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now we arrive at the innermost ring, D ring.&nbsp; There are wave patterns observed within D ring as well, but scientists noticed there is no identifiable cause, and the waves appear to be dissipating over time.&nbsp; This suggests that the waves were caused by disruptions from passing debris falling to the planet.&nbsp; Similar patters observed in Jupiter\u2019s ring caused by material from comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 in 1994 support this theory.&nbsp; In 1980 <em>Voyager 1 <\/em>identified three ringlets within ring D, and by the time <em>Cassini <\/em>arrived 25 years later the innermost had actually moved 200 kilometers closer to the planet.&nbsp; It\u2019s an example of the dynamic nature of the ring system, and a reminder that as material is lost either to ejection or falling into Saturn, the rings aren\u2019t permanent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The origin and fate of the ring system are still open questions.&nbsp; Some scientists believe the rings are very young, pointing to the fact that the ice particles still appear relatively fresh when it is known they should darken over time as more dust and debris accumulate.&nbsp; The theory proposed by \u00c9douard Roche in the 1800\u2019s is that the rings were once part of a moon named Veritas.&nbsp; This moon would have been destroyed, either torn apart by tidal forces at the \u2013 you guessed it \u2013 Roche Limit, or obliterated by a collision with another large object.&nbsp; The debris then eventually migrated into the current arrangement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Cassini<\/em> spacecraft data support this theory that they are younger, between 10 and 100 million years old, and by measuring and extrapolating depletion rates within these theoretical parameters it is thought the rings could completely disappear within the next 300 million years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A competing theory is that the debris are actually remnants of a small planet that was torn apart by Saturn much earlier in its history, while still surrounded by a gaseous nebula.&nbsp; The planet\u2019s heavier core would have been devoured by Saturn, leaving the stripped outer layers which could explain why there is so little rocky material currently in the rings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There\u2019s also a theory that the rings are accumulated from micrometeoroids over time, which would need a much longer timeframe to accumulate \u2013 more like a billion years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The other mystery is how much longer the rings will last.&nbsp; One method scientists have tried to estimate this is by estimating the rate at which material is measured to be falling into Saturn.&nbsp; Charged ice material can be pulled along magnetic field lines by gravity in a process called \u201cring rain,\u201d which the Keck Observatory in Hawaii calculated to occur at between 432 to 2,870 kilograms of matter per second.&nbsp; Added to good ol\u2019 fashioned gravity pulling charge-neutral material to the planet, which the <em>Cassini<\/em> mission measured to be between 4,800 to 44,000 kilograms per second, scientists believe the rings will be completely gone in less than 300 million years, maybe as little as 100 million years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So as you can see, there\u2019s a lot to still find out when it comes to the rings \u2013 but we still have a journey to complete.&nbsp; Looming ahead of us, filling our view is the massive atmosphere of Saturn.&nbsp; Before we dive in, we\u2019ll take a loop around for a look at the poles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Heading north first, we\u2019ll notice the aurora as we approach, a product of the magnetic field surrounding the planet.&nbsp; Slightly weaker than Earth\u2019s \u2013 despite being more than 90 times as massive \u2013 the magnetosphere deflects solar wind particles from the sun and extends a modest one million kilometers behind the planet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The north pole is consumed by a massive vortex with a curious hexagonal shape first observed by <em>Voyager<\/em>.&nbsp; Each side of the hexagon is longer than Earth at about 14,500 kilometers long and rotates once about every 10 hours and 40 minutes, apparently the same rate of rotation for the interior of the planet.&nbsp; The hexagonal pattern is an unsolved mystery, but most scientists believe it is caused by a standing wave pattern, supported by other polygonal shape patterns achievable in rotating fluids within a laboratory setting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zipping on around to the south pole (a trip which would have taken the <em>Cassini <\/em>spacecraft over three days to complete, by the way \u2013 aren\u2019t virtual explorations great?) we find another vortex spinning, curiously this time in a circular shape.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The massive hurricane-like storm observed by the <em>Cassini <\/em>craft sits right at the pole, the size of Earth with a clearly defined eyewall and winds churning at 550 kilometers per hour.&nbsp; Eyewalls have not yet been observed in any storms outside of Earth \u2013 not even Jupiter\u2019s Great Red Spot \u2013 which makes this a unique find.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Returning to the equatorial region, we can see banding patterns similar to Jupiter, although more faintly defined.&nbsp; They\u2019re named according to similar classifications as Jupiter as well, but don\u2019t let their faint blending fool you \u2013 the winds on Saturn are much faster than Jupiter.&nbsp; Large, persistent storms similar to the Great Red Spot of Jupiter are possible on Saturn, but even the standard winds are faster, blasting up to 1,800 kilometers per hour at the equator.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So buckle up as we head down.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>First we\u2019ll encounter the upper cloud layers which are mostly made up of ammonia ice, starting our descent at a temperature as low as 100 Kelvin or negative 280 degrees Fahrenheit.&nbsp; The pressure here is roughly comparable to what we experience on the surface of Earth.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As we descend and pressure begins to build, the clouds become water ice, transitioning to a band of ammonium hydrosulfide ice where temperatures rise to about 200 K or negative 100 degrees Fahrenheit.&nbsp; Eventually we reach an aqueous layer of water droplets with ammonia.&nbsp; Here pressure can reach about twenty times what we experience on Earth, with temperatures up to 330 Kelvin or 134 degrees Fahrenheit.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We\u2019ll continue our fall until we reach the base of the atmosphere which begins to transition into a layer of liquid helium-saturated molecular hydrogen and eventually a metallic hydrogen inner layer.&nbsp; The interior of Saturn is hot \u2013 hotter than scientists expected to find.&nbsp; The planet radiates two and a half times more energy than it receives from the Sun.&nbsp; Scientists theorize the heat is generated by \u201craining out\u201d of helium droplets into the less dense hydrogen liquid which causes warming friction and leaves the outer layers depleted of helium.&nbsp; Whatever the cause is determined to be, temperatures here in the interior can reach up to almost 12,000 K or 21,000 degrees Fahrenheit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally we reach Saturn\u2019s core, which unlike Jupiter\u2019s is theorized to be completely solid. Scientists have estimated the core to be about 25,000 kilometers wide with as much as 9 to 22 times as much mass as planet Earth crunched in there.&nbsp; And here concludes our journey.&nbsp; It would be nice to think we might find the remnants of the <em>Cassini <\/em>orbiter, but would have certainly been vaporized long before reaching the core.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We\u2019ve come a long way on our journey today.&nbsp; We witnessed the dancing and rippling waves of the rings of Saturn before taking a dive into the turbulent and hostile gas giant, and we learned more about the important and inspiring work of the scientists who have made today\u2019s journey possible.&nbsp; In the next episode we\u2019ll tour the many moons of Saturn and learn what lessons they teach us about our solar system and the universe at large \u2013 and about what mysteries they still hold for future scientists to discover.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the meantime, be sure to subscribe if you haven\u2019t already. Settle the Stars is available on pretty much every podcasting platform, and we\u2019re also mirroring our episodes on YouTube at YouTube.com\/EdgeworksEntertainment (and be sure to ring that bell so you know when there\u2019s a new episode). We also have a patreon page at Patreon.com\/EdgeworksEntertainment, where you can get early episodes and tons of other great rewards. The support of listeners like you is what makes this show possible, and I am so grateful to the people who have already joined!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thank you all for listening, and as always, happy terraforming.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Settle the Stars is a proud member of the Edgeworks Nebula, a collection of intriguing and informative podcasts from Edgeworks Entertainment.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hello and welcome to \u201cSettle the Stars\u201d. Episode 13, \u201cSaturn: Put a Ring On It\u201d. Hey folks, this is Alexander Winn.&nbsp;&nbsp; This week we continue our journey across the solar system and visit what will definitely be one of the top tourist destinations in the distant future: Saturn.&nbsp; This gas giant may not hold as &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edgeworksentertainment.com\/blog\/2021\/07\/19\/settle-the-stars-episode-13-saturn-put-a-ring-on-it\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Settle The Stars &#8211; Episode 13 &#8211; Saturn: Put a Ring On It&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"hashtags":[],"class_list":["post-556","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Settle The Stars - Episode 13 - Saturn: Put a Ring On It - Edgeworks Entertainment<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This gas giant, Saturn, may not hold as many records as its giant neighbor Jupiter, but the dazzling ring system make it a fan favorite.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/edgeworksentertainment.com\/blog\/2021\/07\/19\/settle-the-stars-episode-13-saturn-put-a-ring-on-it\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Settle The Stars - Episode 13 - Saturn: Put a Ring On It - Edgeworks Entertainment\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This gas giant, Saturn, may not hold as many records as its giant neighbor Jupiter, but the dazzling ring system make it a fan favorite.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/edgeworksentertainment.com\/blog\/2021\/07\/19\/settle-the-stars-episode-13-saturn-put-a-ring-on-it\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Edgeworks Entertainment\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-07-19T19:09:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-07-19T19:09:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Sophie Gragg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Sophie Gragg\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"15 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/edgeworksentertainment.com\/blog\/2021\/07\/19\/settle-the-stars-episode-13-saturn-put-a-ring-on-it\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/edgeworksentertainment.com\/blog\/2021\/07\/19\/settle-the-stars-episode-13-saturn-put-a-ring-on-it\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Sophie Gragg\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/edgeworksentertainment.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/861796c535ea70376f6c42ed63e600b3\"},\"headline\":\"Settle The Stars &#8211; 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